Electrical lighting, a variety of facilities that use electrical energy to convert light into artificial light. Electrical lighting technology is a comprehensive technology based on knowledge of optics, electricity, architecture, and physiology. Electrical lighting facilities mainly include three parts: lighting electric light sources (such as light bulbs, lamps), lighting fixtures and lighting lines. Among them, the combination of the illumination electric light source and the lamp is called an electric illuminator. Illuminated electric light source is an electric energy-based illuminant used for artificial lighting. According to the principle of its illumination, it can be divided into three categories: thermal radiation source, gas discharge source and semiconductor source (see illumination source).
Electrical lighting systems can be divided into three types according to the following methods: general lighting, local lighting, and hybrid lighting. According to the purpose of its use can be divided into six types: 1 normal lighting. Indoor and outdoor lighting under normal conditions has no special requirements for power control. 2 accident lighting. When normal lighting is interrupted by a fault, illumination of the appropriate illumination can continue to be provided. It is generally installed in places where accidents are likely to occur and entrances and exits of main passages. 3 on duty lighting. Lighting for use by duty personnel outside normal working hours. 4 guard lighting. Lighting used in guard areas and near perimeters typically requires higher illumination and longer illumination distances. 5 obstacle lighting. Illumination as a sign of obstacles installed on buildings, structures, and being built and renovated and on roads. 6 decorative lighting. Lighting used to beautify the environment or add an atmosphere, such as festive lights, multi-colored lights in the ballroom.
Lighting lines and power supply methods are required to be safe, reliable, economical, and voltage stable. Since electrical lighting lines have many opportunities for contact with people, the exposed, non-charged metal parts of electrical lighting equipment must be insulated or grounded. Lighting and accident lighting for important occasions requires two power supplies to ensure reliable power. The lighting circuit is preferably dedicated to protect against the large voltage fluctuations caused by other loads, affecting the life of the electric light source and the quality of the illumination.
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