During the 19th National Congress, more than 200 foreign journalists saw the express sorting machine in Tianjin, “Xiaohuangren†automatically excerpted the express mail and exclaimed: “I feel that we are in 2050, which is a super-era development.â€
Yes! In the past few years, in the wave of "Internet +" and artificial intelligence, the constantly upgrading new technology has deeply affected a traditional industry closely related to people's life - express delivery. Especially since 2017, a number of high-tech gold-filled express "black technology" such as intelligent sorting robots, distribution robots, and unmanned delivery machines have emerged, frequently refreshing people's perceptions. Undoubtedly, the blessing of all kinds of “new-born†forces makes logistics show fast, and it also brings a new service experience of “efficiency and fun†to the consignee, and there are countless “circle powderâ€.
Jingdong has been on the courier drone
Jingdong launches distribution robot to run on Zhongxin Tianjin Eco-city
The UAV application of the development zone has begun to try to use the express delivery service in remote and inconvenient areas.
At present, in Tianjin, several "black technologies" in express delivery have become popular, but their trends are not the same. Among them, one category has been imitated and promoted, while the other category is still a small scope of "testing water." So, what is the reason behind this? In the growth period from "small" to "big", how many hurdles do they have to go through?
5 Ways of "Express Black Technology"
policy
In the field of unmanned distribution, both robots and drones need to be supported by national policies. However, at present, China has not yet issued clear and perfect policies and regulations in this respect. After all, can you get on the road? Can you fly? It’s all about the policy.
technology
Unmanned distribution services require high weather conditions and are also affected by real environmental factors such as climate and terrain. In particular, drones, due to limited battery life, can not meet the needs of the whole day; at the same time, at the current technical level, the ability of UAVs to deal with complex urban road conditions is still relatively weak, and a technological innovation is yet to be carried out.
cost
The high cost of research and development of unmanned machines is not a secret in the industry. Taking a distribution robot as an example, it can automatically detect the road ahead by the roof laser sensing system during operation. However, the price of the top laser radar is only about 60,000 to 70,000 yuan. More than 100,000 yuan, so it is difficult to mass production for the time being.
terrain
Terrain is a fundamental issue. Most cities in China have complex terrains. There are still many areas in each city that do not have specific road names. Although the location of the latitude and longitude can solve some problems, it is still not accurate enough. It does not rule out that the unmanned machines will have “running off†and “lost†in operation. "Case.
Literacy
Whether it is a distribution robot, a drone, or a "new rookie" that will come out in the future, it is a test of the quality of the people. Will they be artificially destroyed during the “work†process? How can machine and equipment safety be protected? These are to be considered, tracked and more relevant regulations and regulations for unmanned machine operators and maintainers.
Robot: "Courier brother" park "job"
In addition to Shentong, not long ago, with the signing of the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city Management Committee and Jingdong Group, as the first trial run in the complex environment of the global city, Jingdong distribution robots officially “on the job†in the eco-city.
On the same day, the reporter saw on the scene that when the robot was on the road, it attracted many passers-by. The robot with the height and the waist would turn around, avoid roadblocks, and polite pedestrians... and all these operations are in the absence. Automatically completed in the case of human manipulation. Jingdong & TImes; Dawei, a staff member of the Autopilot R&D Department of the Business Department, said: "Robots use automatic driving as the core technology, including artificial intelligence technology, environment sensing technology, high-precision positioning technology, decision control technology and many other fields. Technology '." However, at present, robots only send express delivery in the four areas of Eco-city Wantong Community, Vanke Community, Eco-city Management Committee and Animation Park.
Unmanned sorting: "Little Yellow Man" completed in ten seconds
When the shipments from all over the world are concentrated in the express sorting center, sorting the shipments by location and by category is a "big project" that consumes manpower and energy. In order to make the shipment sorted more accurately and liberate the labor force, at the end of 2016, Shentong Express began to implement the intelligent express robot sorting system and introduced the intelligent sorting robot for the first time in Tianjin.
The sorting robot base is elliptical, 48 cm long, with a universal wheel underneath, and a yellow tray for holding the package. It is also called "Little Yellow Man", which is a kind of command that can receive and execute. The automatic device can automatically weigh and scan the express single barcode to obtain the address information, and can also carry the package in an orderly manner according to the automatically calculated optimal route, and accurately sort the shipment to the designated area to reach the designated position. After the rear tray is erected, the parcel is poured into the compartment, and then slides along the passage from the second-floor operating platform to the first-level parcel shipping area. The whole process takes about ten seconds; after completion, the “Little Yellow Man†will automatically select the nearest one. The release area is queued for the next sorting and delivery.
According to estimates, in the past, traditional manual operations sorted up to 50,000 shipments per day, while 400 “Little Yellows†worked at least 10 hours per day for at least 200,000 shipments, and reduced manpower by 70%. Sorting accuracy Up to 100%; in addition, the secondary processing cost and the waste of the vehicle line resources caused by the high manual error rate are avoided, and the breakage rate of the shipment is further reduced.
Drone: 10 km in 10 minutes
In Tianjin, there is also a technology company that develops a drone flight control system, Yifei Zhikong (Tianjin) Technology Co., Ltd., where the drones produced have already started to ship goods in Binhai New Area and even the whole country. Generally speaking, a logistics drone can transport goods within a few tens of kilograms, with a flying height between 100 and 500 meters. After arriving at the destination, the drone needs to be "airdropped" two or three meters above the ground, so the cargo must be of a type that is not afraid of falling.
From the perspective of energy, the UAVs for logistics and distribution are divided into oil and electricity. At present, electric drones are used more. According to reports, the price of electric drones is relatively cheap, ranging from a few thousand dollars to tens of thousands of yuan, and repair and maintenance costs are also low. The price of fuel drones often reaches tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of yuan, and is relatively large in size, and it is still in the early stage of application in the field of logistics. After the electric drone is charged once, according to the wind direction, it can fly more than 10 kilometers in 10 minutes. Considering the return trip, the range of electric drones is generally less than 10 kilometers.
It is worth mentioning that the drone will not increase the shipping cost. Industry insiders expect that in the next three to five years, logistics manpower and transportation costs will increase by 20% to 50%, and logistics drones are born to solve such problems. According to reports, sending express is simple for the plain area, but in the mountains, it is also 10 kilometers, driving is not only slow, but also very dangerous. It is estimated that compared with cars, the cost of logistics is basically the same, but the efficiency is many times higher.
Meeting the technological revolution
Enterprises are launching
Through the visit, the reporter learned that at present, the "black technology" of express delivery is mainly distributed in the sorting, warehousing and distribution links. Among them, in the sorting and warehousing departments, the express delivery enterprises and the e-commerce enterprises with their own logistics and transportation have shown great enthusiasm for the “technical revolutionâ€, quickly deployed their ideas and became crazy chasers: 2017, A group of "high-precision" logistics equipment has been launched, as if "a sudden spring breeze, thousands of trees and pear blossoms."
All the results: In addition to Shentong's “Little Yellow Manâ€, Zhongtong launched its own automatic sorting machine, which not only saves 70% of manpower, but also improves efficiency by 80%, and greatly improves the accuracy of sorting; Netease koala launched 6 intelligent warehousing robots in the warehouse of China (Hangzhou) cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area, which can undertake the workload of 20 people, responsible for the transportation, sorting and replenishment of large-sized goods in the warehouse; Jingdong Logistics has developed “Vertical Haiâ€, a smart device that can automatically measure the size and weight of goods. It consists of gravity sensor, weighing platform and display screen, and is applied to the storage center of the warehouse. In the rookie network In the warehouse, a group of "goods-to-people" robots from the Geek+ team began to carry the shelves in an orderly manner in their respective positions. This efficient team can be well integrated into the work station, which is 8 times higher than the ordinary logistics. Speed ​​service; SF Express, China Post, etc. through the cross-belt sorting system for express delivery and sorting...
"Emancipating the labor force and opening the intelligent sorting mode is the premise of the development of the logistics industry in the era of smart life. Based on this background, most logistics enterprises are not able to be eliminated by the intelligent wave, but also take the opportunity to break through the bottleneck of high cost and low efficiency of the industry. They have successively cooperated with research institutes to develop 'black technology' products and realize intelligent operation, which is also their current development focus.†The person in charge of Tianjin Post Administration said that because these products are similar, and are not subject to policy Due to the limitations of objective factors, it has sprung up like mushrooms. Over the past year, the new works of various companies have become more and more beautiful. It is understood that at present, Tianjin is implementing intelligent transformation and upgrading in the field of express delivery, and various intelligent sorting systems have been successively launched, and the efficiency of quick sorting has been on the rise.
Why is it difficult to achieve full coverage for robotic distribution?
The distribution link "spring breeze" is not warm
Looking at the situation of sorting and warehousing, the reporters noticed that this "spring breeze" was not so warm. For a period of time, this type of "black technology" can only be applied in a small area, and it cannot be covered and promoted in a large area. That is to say, it cannot meet the demand of "early taste" for everyone. In this regard, the reporter interviewed a number of industry experts to explore the "story" behind this.
Robot: Limited policy is the main cause
Taking Jingdong Robot "Courier Brother" as an example, Zhu Guoqiang, director of Jingdong Logistics Distribution Robot Project, told reporters: "Express delivery robots can only be operated in closed parks and communities, mainly because of national policy restrictions, although we call it 'Robot', but it still belongs to wheeled vehicles, with vehicle attributes, and currently, national policies stipulate that unmanned vehicles can't get on the road, so the delivery robot can't run in an open road environment. Now Beijing has opened up no one. The road is road test, but there are no relevant laws and regulations in Tianjin."
The reporter found that the "Road Traffic Safety Law of the People's Republic of China" clearly stipulates: "Motoring a motorized vehicle should obtain a motor vehicle driving license according to law." This means that the driver should be a natural person. According to this regulation, it is illegal to drive a driverless car on the road. Up to now, the “legalization of road test†has not been fully rolled out, and it is still in a “semi-gray†state.
In addition, it is understood that the express delivery robots need to expand from the local test area to a larger range, and also need the accumulation of urban operation experience, the optimization of the road traffic environment, and the improvement of the technical level. "At this stage, we have technically already equipped with autonomous laser radar, visual recognition, GPS positioning, etc. There are many ways to integrate, but there is room for improvement; and in the future, a lot of delivery, in addition to policies and technologies, Relatively mature supporting scenarios.†Zhu Guoqiang said, however, before “everything is readyâ€, it does not affect them to appropriately increase the delivery point of express delivery robots in a small area. It is expected that Jingdong Express Delivery Robot will also carry out normal operation in TEDA College of Nankai University and TEDA Campus of Tianjin University of Science and Technology in Binhai New Area this year.
Drone: Self-maturation is not high enough
Compared with the "grounded gas" distribution robot, the drone delivery express seems to be "high on the", but the reporter learned that at this stage, due to the limitations of the living environment and airspace control, the drone distribution business cannot directly Applied to the consumer terminal, it can only be transported between large distribution stations and distribution points. In other words, consumers are temporarily unable to receive goods from drones, and most cities have not yet piloted drone distribution services. In this regard, some people will inevitably ask: "The logistics drone has been in the rise of 2013 for five years, why is it still stuck in the 'step" stage?
Li Yunfei, the person in charge of Yifei Zhikong (Tianjin) Technology Co., Ltd., told reporters: "This has a lot to do with the state's strict control over civil aviation and airspace. In order to avoid routes involving military secrets and interference with civil aviation, drones fly and At the same time, the maturity of the drone itself is not so high. From the application field, the drone is divided into consumer, commercial and military. Now people only see consumer level. More is equivalent to 'the eye of God', so that people can see some scenes that they usually can't see, which can't draw the equal sign with commercial applications."
In the pilot area, it is understood that at present, logistics drones are more widely used in rural areas, in order to improve the distribution efficiency of the “last mile†and improve the express service network, while the urban areas have little layout. Li Yunfei said: "This is because in addition to policies, model maturity, safety factors, relatively smooth urban roads, dense logistics sites, and perfect end distribution systems, the actual demand for drone distribution has not yet reached an outbreak."
In addition, industry experts said that most of the drones used for express delivery currently rely on battery work, while manually operating them with remote control, in the human-computer interaction stage, due to a variety of complex scenarios, drones effectively avoid obstacles. It is a big problem that needs to be improved. Moreover, the initial investment cost of the UAV is high, the battery life is short, and the payload is low. These are also factors that restrict the quantification of the UAV. It is predicted that it will take at least five years for the logistics and distribution drones to reach maturity in technology.
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