With the development of the industry, comprehensive and reliable machine vision technology has become an unattainable solution in all major fields, and its application industry is also expanding. The following are questions related to the optical basics of machine vision.
1. What is the meaning of luminous intensity (luminosity)?
Answer: Luminous intensity (luminosity, I) is defined as: the luminous intensity of a point source in a certain direction, that is, the amount of light emitted by the illuminant per unit time, also referred to as luminosity, commonly used in candlelight (cd, candela), An international candlelight is defined as the luminosity of a 120-gram grain of candle made from whale fat, which is equal to 0.0648 grams.
2. What is the unit of luminous intensity (luminance)?
A: The common unit of luminous intensity is candlelight (cd, candela), and the international standard candlelight (lcd) is defined as the ideal blackbody at the platinum freezing point temperature (1769 ° C), perpendicular to the black body (its surface area is 1 m2) in the direction of 600,000 points One of the luminosity, the so-called ideal black body means that the emissivity of the object is equal to 1, the energy absorbed by the object can be completely radiated, so that the temperature is kept evenly fixed, and the international standard candle (candela) is interchanged with the old standard candle (candle). The relationship is 1candela=0.981candle.
3. What is luminous flux? What is the unit of luminous flux?
Answer: The luminous flux (φ) is defined as the energy emitted by a point source or a non-point source in a unit of time. The radiant flux that can be perceived by the person (the radiant flux that one can perceive) is called the luminous flux. The unit of luminous flux is lumens. (abbreviation lm), 1 lumen (lumen or lm) is defined as the luminous flux of an international standard candle light source passing through a unit solid arc angle. Since the entire spherical surface area is 4πR2, the first-class bright light flux is equal to the luminous flux emitted by one candle. /4π, or the spherical surface has 4π, so according to the definition of lumens, a point source of cd will radiate 4π lumens, that is, φ (lumen) = 4πI (candle), assuming △ Ω is a small solid arc angle, at △ Ω In the solid angle luminous flux Δφ, Δφ = ΔΩI.
4. What is the meaning of one foot candlelight?
A: One foot of candlelight refers to the illuminance on a face that is one foot away from a light source (point or non-point source) and orthogonal to the light, abbreviated as 1ftc (1 lm/ft2, lumens per square foot), ie The luminous flux received per square foot is 1 lumen illuminance and 1 ftc = 10.76 lux.
5. What is the meaning of one meter of candlelight?
A: One meter of candle light refers to the illuminance on a surface that is one meter away from a light source (point source or non-point source) and orthogonal to the light. It is called lux (also written as lx), that is, per square meter. The luminous flux received inside is 1 illuminance (lumen/m 2 ).
6. What is the meaning of 1 lux?
A: The luminous flux received per square meter is the illumination at 1 lumen.
7. What is the meaning of illuminance?
A: Illuminance (E) is defined as the luminous flux received by the illuminated area of ​​the object, or the luminosity of the object illuminated by light per unit area per unit of time, in meters of candlelight or foot-candle ( Ftc) said.
8. What is the relationship between illuminance and luminosity and distance?
A: The relationship between illuminance and luminosity and distance is: E (illuminance) = I (luminosity) / r2 (distance square).
9. What are the factors related to the illumination of the subject?
A: The illumination of the subject is related to the luminous intensity of the light source and the distance between the subject and the light source, regardless of the color, surface properties and surface area of ​​the subject.
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