We usually refer to poorly conductive materials such as coal, artificial crystals, amber, ceramics, etc. as insulators. Metals with better conductivity such as gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum, etc. are called conductors. A material interposed between a conductor and an insulator can be simply referred to as a semiconductor. Compared with conductors and insulators, the discovery of semiconductor materials was the latest. Until the 1930s, when the purification technology of materials was improved, the existence of semiconductors was truly recognized by the academic community.
In 1833, Faraday, the father of British scientist electronics, first discovered that the resistance of silver sulfide varies with temperature from ordinary metals. In general, the resistance of metal increases with temperature, but ElBaradei finds silver sulfide. The resistance decreases as the temperature rises. This is the first discovery of the semiconductor phenomenon.
Soon, in 1839, Beccle of France discovered that the junction formed by the contact between the semiconductor and the electrolyte produced a voltage under illumination, which is the well-known photovoltaic effect, which is the second feature of the discovered semiconductor.
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