It is a common consensus that the machine tool industry is large but not strong, but rather sophisticated. Some people may ask, what is big but not strong, but not fine? Where is China's machine tool missing? This problem is not difficult to explain, in simple terms is two sentences: China's machine tool scale is large, the market is large, large-scale production, overall strength is far weaker than Japan, Europe; machine tool companies have many products, production is concentrated in the low-end Manufacturing or single assembly lacks core competitiveness. In fact, it is not difficult to find the problem. It is difficult to solve the problem. Let us start from the weak points of the machine tool to explore the development path of Chinese machine tools.
First, to strengthen the upper reaches, the iron also needs its own hard
“The cleverest woman can’t be without riceâ€, I have read this kind of statement. The Chinese machine tool should improve the material, the material is not hard, and how to make a good machine tool. This is like using tofu to practice carving, but it is not reliable. . Here the author first regardless of this statement is not biased, but always exposed a problem: China's machine tool industry lack of upstream and downstream development. Not upstream, such as the absence of rice, a serious impact on the machine tool industry to a high level of development. The solution is also very simple, that is to strengthen the upper reaches. Here, we first briefly explain what are the upstream industries of the machine tools and what their role is.
Taking CNC machine tools as an example, the upstream of CNC machine tools includes numerical control systems and functional components. CNC systems and functional components are key components in CNC machine tools and directly determine the reliability, efficiency and accuracy of the machine tool. It is not an exaggeration to say that they are the soul of CNC machine tools. However, this is the two areas where the development of China's machine tools is lacking. Chinese machine tool companies have always attached importance to the design and manufacture of mainframes. This has resulted in the functional components of CNC machine tools, such as ball screws, rolling guides, CNC turrets, tool magazines, and robots, or they have poor quality and are not as reliable as foreign brands. It's still blank. Although China has paid great attention to the development of basic industries in recent years, it has made notable progress, but the development of machine tool-related industries is still far from meeting current needs.
As an industrial master machine, machine tools are crucial to the development of the manufacturing industry. Its rapid development requires that upstream development must keep pace with it. Therefore, the first step in the development of Chinese machine tools is to lay a firm foundation and prevent the collapse of the high-rise building.
Second, technological innovation, the core competition can not be less
When it comes to innovation, this is really a cliché. No matter which industry, development cannot be discussed. But the old clichés also have to be discussed because it is a fact that one of the reasons for the weak development of machine tools is the lack of innovation. Without sufficient innovation, no new technologies, and no monopoly on technology, it will be difficult to embark on the top job.
Actually, it is not only machine tools. Which industry is the easiest to follow, and it is always the hardest to be an innovator. Look at China's machine tools, a few years ago is a large scale, in the world machine tool industry in the middle and lower reaches, and now is the middle and lower reaches. why? Is the lack of "change", the lack of "new." How to make the source of innovation full of currents, I think these aspects can not be less.
1. Develop technical talents and solidify the technical foundation
People are the foundation of technology, but due to various reasons, our country’s technical talents are severely flawed. In simple terms, it is the two contradictions, the contradiction between professional and job demands, and the contradiction between the number and the total demand. In short, there are fewer high-end talents who can’t meet the high-end manufacturing industry. There are few technical talents and they cannot meet the needs of industrial workers. Without technology, how can technology make sense? Where did you talk about innovation?
From this it can be seen that at present the machine tool industry and even the entire manufacturing industry urgently need to train a group of highly qualified and professional talents. This not only requires companies to cultivate people and retain people, but also requires the society to change its concepts so that technical schools can survive, allowing workers to have "face", "tickets" and development. Fundamentally change the two contradictions mentioned above and lay a good foundation for the development of machine tools.
2. Encourage creation and protect intellectual property
The habit of "taking in"ism, disregarding intellectual property rights, has caused the industry's R&D to lose momentum. To be honest, when development is particularly backward, it is a deadly way to learn from and introduce good policies. However, it is always used for reference. To give a typical example, if intellectual property rights can be used to sneak in privacy, who would dare to become a pioneer in the industry and technology, especially for small businesses, a leakage of intellectual property rights may cause the entire enterprise to go bankrupt.
Chinese machine tools are becoming “high, top, and sharp†and property rights protection is indispensable. Let companies dare to think and dare to do their best to create and develop new technologies. Only by allowing technology and technology to become profitable growth points for enterprises can we fully mobilize dynamism and innovation. This requires companies to establish their own correct development goals, and put R&D on top of development; on the other hand, they must establish a good environment, protect intellectual property rights, encourage technology research and development, and allow companies to independently develop the “sweetness†of technology and allow technology. People find their value.
Some people do, the results are protected, and technology can develop. Only by creating an atmosphere of innovation can China still need to be strengthened in these two aspects.
Third, to rectify the market, the layout of high and low end is reasonable
Now there is a phenomenon in the Chinese machine tool industry: high-end can't be made, and low-end can't be sold; blind price war has a very low profit margin.
Let us talk about the phenomenon of "the high-end can not be made, the low-end can not be sold". China is one of the largest consumers and producers of machine tools in the world, but at the same time China's machine tools are extremely dependent on imports. The main production machines in the factory are "foreign goods," and the reason is very simple. The domestic ones are not durable. They are not accurate, they are poor in stability, and the machine tool repair rate is high. This has caused a large part of the profits of the machine tool industry to foreign companies. What will happen to Chinese machines that are difficult to profit and occupy the market?
Besides the price war, some machine tool companies in China's machine tool industry are not large-scale and low-end products, and the main production depends on assembly. Technology does not go, in order to expand the market can only fight the price war. As a result, prices are getting lower and lower, and profitability is not going up. Not only has not improved the company's own operating conditions, but also dragged down the benign development of the entire market. Take Dalian Machine Tool, for example, in the first three quarters of 2016, the total consolidated revenue of Dalian machine tools reported 9.334 billion yuan, the total operating cost was 9.047 billion yuan, and the profit rate was only 3%. 3% of the profit margin, in addition to its own reasons in Dalian machine tools, the low price of the entire machine tool industry has also greatly dragged down the company's profit.
Therefore, it is very important for Chinese machine tools to develop, rectify the market, and adjust the layout. To rectify the market is to standardize the order of the market's bidding and form a healthy competition. The adjustment of the layout is to develop high-end machine tools, make up for the weak part, and at the same time rectify the low-end market, eliminate a group of companies with no strength, and establish a healthy ecosystem.
Fourth, optimize the brand, the machine tool can also be "made in China"
Machine tools must be made by themselves and they must be made well. This requires us to do a good job and strengthen our own brands. Here, we must mention Ms. Dong Mingzhu. The slogan "Let the world know that China is made." The fire is not only made in China, it is made by Gree. Not to mention whether Gree under the leadership of Dong Mingzhu can make the world's leading machine tools, we must learn Gree's brand awareness and this kind of “build†spirit.
Brand is the best thing that can bring value-added products. If our machine tools can "build" quality, "build" the brand. I think that China's machine tool market can also be greatly developed.
The way out for China's machine tools lies in “changingâ€, intensifying technological innovation within the industry, strengthening upstream and downstream, and moving toward “high, top, and sharp†development; establishing a standardized market competition system, protecting intellectual property rights, and consolidating the foundation of technical personnel. Here, the author is optimistic about the development of Chinese machine tools, because both the industrial foundation, talent training, or market competition are all developing in a good direction. In the overall environment, the future of the machine tool Will people fall behind?
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