For a long time, the problems of low energy density and high cost of power batteries for new energy vehicles have been plagued by domestic and foreign new energy vehicle manufacturers. In order to solve this problem, power battery manufacturers have recently begun to develop high-energy batteries with low production costs. Some companies have launched samples of high-energy batteries such as metal (aluminum, zinc, etc.) air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, etc., which brings hope for the new energy vehicle industry to break through the technical bottleneck of power batteries. If the lithium-sulfur battery of Zhongju Leitian can be mass-marketed in 2012, the time for the industrialization of domestic electric vehicles is likely to be greatly advanced.
Lithium-sulfur batteries have high hopes from related parties because they have many obvious advantages compared to the mainstream lithium iron phosphate batteries in the market today. First, in theory, the energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries far exceeds that of most types of power batteries. According to the data of the 2010-2015 Investment Analysis and Prospect Forecast Report for China's Electric Vehicle Industry released recently by CIC Consultants, although there is currently some debate about the highest energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries, there is still some debate in the industry, but it is certain What's more, the theoretical maximum energy density will not be lower than 1000 watt-hours / kg, and the energy density of the current domestic mass-produced lithium iron phosphate batteries is mostly below 100 watt-hours / kg, and there is not much room for improvement. Obviously, from the standpoint of energy storage efficiency, lithium-sulfur batteries are more suitable as automotive power batteries.
In addition to the very high energy density, lithium-sulfur batteries also have some other advantages. On the one hand, their production costs are relatively low. Because lithium-sulfur batteries mainly use sulfur and lithium as raw materials for production, the production cost is relatively low; on the other hand, lithium-sulfur batteries are low-toxic after use, and the energy consumption for recycling is small.
Although lithium-sulfur batteries have obvious advantages compared to many types of power batteries, they also have some shortcomings. At present, the biggest disadvantage of lithium-sulfur batteries is the relatively low number of recycling. Because the vulcanized polymer has the characteristics of poor stability, the current number of recycling of lithium-sulfur batteries is much lower than that of ordinary lithium iron phosphate batteries, which greatly increases the cost of using lithium-sulfur batteries. It can be said that as long as this performance disadvantage of the lithium-sulfur battery cannot be changed, it is difficult to promote its use on a large scale.
Although the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries in theory will be very advanced, it is very difficult to turn the theory into a real product. The United States plans to increase the energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries to 500 Wh / kg in 2013, while Japan, the world ’s power battery technology powerhouse, plans to achieve the above goals in 2020, which reflects the difficulty of developing lithium-sulfur batteries from one aspect. The country still has big differences on when it can overcome some technical bottlenecks of lithium-sulfur batteries.
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