A detailed explanation of what nfc is

Nfc is a short-range wireless communication technology. The technology evolved from contactless radio frequency identification (RFID), developed by Philips Semiconductors (now NXP Semiconductors), Nokia and Sony, based on RFID and interconnect technology. Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short-range high-frequency radio technology that operates at a distance of 10 cm at 13.56 MHz. Its transmission speed is 106Kbit/sec, 212Kbit/sec or 424Kbit/sec. At present, near field communication has passed the ISO/IECIS18092 international standard, the ECMA-340 standard and the ETSITS102190 standard. NFC uses both active and passive read modes.

NFC near-field communication technology is evolved from the integration of contactless radio frequency identification (RFID) and interoperability technologies. It combines inductive readers, inductive cards and point-to-point functions on a single chip to be compatible over short distances. The device performs identification and data exchange. The working frequency is 13.56MHz, but users who use this mobile payment solution must replace the special mobile phone. At present, this technology is widely used in Japan and South Korea, and their mobile phones can be used as airport boarding verification, building access keys, traffic cards, credit cards, payment cards, and the like.

Near Field Communication (NFC), also known as Near Field Communication, is a short-range, high-frequency wireless communication technology that allows non-contact point-to-point data transmission (within ten centimeters) to exchange data between electronic devices. This technology evolved from contactless radio frequency identification (RFID) and is backward compatible with RFID. It was first developed by Sony and Philips, and is mainly used to provide M2M (MachinetoMachine) communication in handheld devices such as mobile phones. Because near-field communication has natural security, NFC technology is considered to have great application prospects in the field of mobile payment. At the same time, NFC is also compared to the "safe dialogue" between machines by the China Internet of Things School-Enterprise Alliance because of its better security than other wireless communication technologies.

The NFC chip has mutual communication functions and computing power. The Felica standard also contains encryption logic circuits. The MIFARE later standard also adds an encryption/decryption module (SAM).

The NFC standard is compatible with Sony's FeliCaTM standard, as well as ISO14443A, B, which uses Philips' MIFARE standard. It is abbreviated as TypeA, TypeB and TypeF in the industry, where A and B are Mifare standards and F is Felica standard. NFC-enabled devices can exchange data in active or passive mode. In passive mode, a device that initiates NFC communication, also known as an NFC originating device (master device), provides an RF field (RF-field) throughout the communication process, which can select one of 106 kbps, 212 kbps, or 424 kbps. Send data to another device. The other device, called the NFC target device (slave device), does not have to generate the RF field, but uses load modulation (loadmoduliTIon) technology, which can transmit data back to the initiating device at the same speed. This communication mechanism is compatible with non-contact smart cards based on ISO14443A, MIFARE and FeliCa. Therefore, in passive mode, NFC-initiated devices can detect and connect contactless smart cards or NFC target devices with the same connection and initialization process. .

In active mode, each device must generate its own RF field when it wants to send data to another device. As shown in Figure 1, both the initiating device and the target device generate their own RF fields for communication. This is the standard mode for peer-to-peer network communication and allows for very fast connection settings.

Like RFID, NFC information is also transmitted by electromagnetic induction coupling of the radio frequency portion of the spectrum, but there is still a big difference between the two. First, NFC is a wireless connection technology that provides easy, secure, and fast communication with a smaller transmission range than RFID. Second, NFC is compatible with existing contactless smart card technologies and has become the official standard supported by more and more major vendors. Once again, NFC is a close-range connection protocol that provides easy, secure, fast, and automatic communication between devices. Compared to other connections in the wireless world, NFC is a close-range, private communication method.

NFC, infrared, and Bluetooth are both non-contact transmission methods. They have different technical characteristics and can be used for various purposes. The technology itself has no advantages and disadvantages.

The NFC mobile phone has a built-in NFC chip, which increases the bidirectional transmission of data than the RFID used only as a tag. This advancement makes it more suitable for electronic money payment; especially RFID can not achieve, mutual authentication and dynamic encryption and A one-time key (OTP) can be implemented on NFC. NFC technology supports a variety of applications, including mobile payments and transactions, peer-to-peer communications, and mobile information access. With NFC phones, people can connect to the entertainment services and transactions they want, from any location, at any time, through any device, to complete payments, get poster information, and more. The NFC device can be used as a contactless smart card, a smart card reader/writer terminal, and a device-to-device data transmission link. The application can be mainly divided into the following four basic types: for payment and ticket purchase, for electronic ticket, Used for smart media and for exchanging and transmitting data.

In China, NFC's application in financial payment is the most prosperous. UnionPay and China Mobile's TSM are built. The mobile phone wallets launched by banks such as China Merchants Bank, Pudong Development Bank, China Everbright and Guangfa, etc., have also produced a kind of mobile phone wallets. The illusion that NFC is only applied to payment. Regardless of the situation, NFC's subversion of the financial payment industry is understandable. In the future, people will use NFC and mobile wallet to make daily payments. What's more, it will not only eliminate credit cards, but also eliminate cash.

Traffic can be said to be the most basic function of NFC applications. By touching the card reading area of ​​the gate of the NFC device, the gateway can be automatically opened. This is to integrate the function of the urban transportation card into the NFC device, and realize the card simulation. . In actual cases, although the domestic mobile phone Shenzhen Tong uses 2.4G technology, the technology implementation is different from NFC, but the usage is the same, and NFC technology can also display the power in the micro-payment environment of the subway bus. . At present, Shenzhen Jizhi Guoxing and Shenzhen Tong have been cooperating to provide NFC mobile phone bus card solutions.

In foreign countries, the London bus system in the United Kingdom, for example, in January this year, London's 8,500 buses will support NFC payments, passengers can use a debit card, credit card or recharge card to pay for transportation on the NFC reader. In the far future, after the popularity of NFC mobile phones, it will replace the existence of cards and directly use NFC mobile phones for transportation payments. There is no doubt about the subversion of traffic.

The industry believes that “bus services and transportation services are an important driving force for NFC development in Asia.” NFC can help the transportation system improve by an order of magnitude in efficiency, and the support of the transportation system for NFC will also boost NFC. The initial structure of a good ecosystem is also the basic framework.

NFC tags will also revolutionize the advertising industry because of their re-readability and the ability to record the number of reads. In the Shenzhen Metro, the two-dimensional code can be seen everywhere in the escalator, but very few people will scan and read it. This is because the QR code needs to be aligned and read, and people are difficult to align in the dynamic escalator, from humanization. In terms of design, the two-dimensional code on the escalator is very ribbed. NFC can achieve the lack of complementary to the two-dimensional code related function in this case. When dynamic, NFC is more conducive to reading. Specific NFC advertising solutions can refer to Microsoft's 2012 promotion of its latest Halo 4 game in Australia. The posters are equipped with NFC tags and QR codes, which are complementary in two ways, and the biggest feature of this event is that the first player who reads the NFC tag can get a unique reward, while the followers can only get the basic Promotional content, this kind of propaganda can arouse the player's treasure-hunting enthusiasm, search the city for NFC advertising to get the first reading reward. Moreover, the in-depth browsing of advertisements has also been strengthened, and it is also a perfect combination of online and offline, virtual and realistic activities. After the player reads the tag, the background can know the number of readings, understand the hot and cold degree of the advertising space, and after the data is mastered, the advertising company can reasonably distribute the advertising space to avoid waste of resources.

Compared with traditional advertising, interactivity, reading data collection, advertising effects, etc., NFC has an unparalleled advantage.

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